Line-spacing mechanism for typewriters



413, 1929. F. B. PO ERS 1,724,615

LINE SPACING MECHANISM FOR TYPEWRITERS Filed June 25, 1924 4Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR 73 MM BY%4,LYZ4/ ATTORNEYS Aug. 13, 1929. F. B.POWERS I 1,724,615

LINE SPACING MECHANISM FOR TYPEWRITERS Filed June 23, 1924 4Sheets-Sheet2 T 1 l n A a! g w w w k a K VQ FL w v g w H g u R L N W \Q m Q w L .rxET" Q a? E it \Q x K; h @E (MG m Y X m g J m l 1%59 INVENTOR M2 20 [WWWATTORNEYS F. B. POWERS mun sPAcmG MECHANISM FOR TYPEWRITERS 4Sheets-$het :5

Filed June 25, 1924 VENTOR A2024,

ATTORNEYS Aug. 13, 1929. F. B. POWERS LINE SPACING MECHANISM FORTYPEWRITERS 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed June 23, 1924 INVENTOR 7211/2 BYW/M.

ATTORNEYS Patented Aug. 13, 1929.

UNITED STATES FRANK B. POWERS, OF SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS.

LINE SPACING MECHANISM FOR TYPEWRITERS.

Application filed June 23,

This invention relates generally to typewriters and more particularly,to improvements therein relating to the control and operation of theline spacing mechanism and to the control and operation of the carriage.

The improvements of this invention may be used for various purposes and,as an illustrative example, they are especially suitable for typewriterswhich are intended for commercial correspondence. he modern businessletter differs distinctively from the style of letters formerly used.The old style letter had but few paragraphs and all the lines of theletter were uniformly spaced. A practice, now frequently in vogue, is touse a relatively large number of short paragraphs, the lines in whichare uniformly spaced. and to prominently set out the paragraphs from oneanother by a wider space therebetween.

Similarly, the line for the complimentary closing is set off from thelast paragraph and the signature line is set off from the line for thecomplimentary closing by the same spacing as is used between paragraphs.Furthermore, the body of the letter, the initial line of each paragraph,the line for the complimentary closing, and the signature line areindented from the margin of the paper to varying degrees, increasing inthe order named. The style of letter described is given merely as arepresentative type and the point is that, in the present times,distinctiveness in commercial correspondence is desired and theimprovements of this invention are calculated to facilitate the work ofthe typist in writing letters of the general type described.

An object of this invention is to provide in a typewriter, improvedcontrolling means desired variations in line spacing may be convenientlyeffected.

Another object of the invention is to provide, in a typewriter, aplurality of contro ling means for the line spacing mechanism,

any one of which means is operable independently of the other and mayeffect different line spacing movements.

Another object of the invention is to provide, in connection with thecontrolling means described, mechanism whereby each of such means isadjustable and may be set to effect various degrees of line spacingmovement.

Another object of the invention is to profor the line spacing mechanism,whereby the 1924. Serial N0. 721,908.

vide in a typewriter, improved means for controlling the movement of thecarriage, whereby it may be conveniently brought to variouspredetermined positions to effect the desired variations in lineindentation.

The features of the invention relating to line spacing and lineindentation are each capable of use independently of the other althoughfor the purpose described they are desirably used in conjunction.

Another object of this invention is to meet the demand for noiselessoperation. The stopping of the carriage and the line spacing of itsplaten are usually noisier than are all other parts of a typewriter. Inthis invention the whole typewriter is shown in a sound deadening casingwhich may have one all or a plurality of walls and means are shown tomove the carriage of the typewriter in either direction, to arrest it atone predetermined position or a plurality of predetermined positions,and to operate the line spacing mechanism of the platen of the carriage,to cause the same or different line spacing movement at differentpredetermined positions and to move the carriage without line spacingmovement, all within the sound deadening casing and controlled by meanslocated outside the casing. It is understood that the other parts of thetypewriter are operated in a similar manner, not shown.

Other objects and advantages will appear in the following descriptionand in the illustrative embodiment of the invention in the accompanyingdrawings, in which Fig. l is a fragmentary top plan view of a typewritershowing the manner of mounting certain parts indicated conventionally inFig. 2;

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatical view showing means, largely of an electricalnature, for carrying out the line spacing features of the invention Fig.3 is a diagrammatical view showing means, largely of an electricalnature, for carrying out both the line spacing and line indentationfeatures of the invention and showing how the carriage is made to takethe motion in either direction necessary to reach a predeterminedposition;

Fig. 4 is a rear elevational view of a typewriter showing the manner ofmounting certain parts shown conventionally in Fig. 3 and showing thetypewriter placed within a sound deadening casing;

Fig. 5 is an end elevational view of one of the supporting arms shown inFig. 4;

Figs. 6 and 7 are sectional views, taken at right angles, showing one ofthe stops for the carriage;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary plan view showing a modification in the stopsfor the line spacing mechanism; and

Figs. 9 and 10 are views of the outside of a sound deadening casingshowing means for controlling the movement and line spacing of thecarriage as shown conventionally in Fig. 3.

In these drawings, a typewriter of standard make is shown largely inconventional form and much of the usual typewriter mechanism has beenomitted as unnecessary for an understanding of the present invention.The frame of the typewriter is represented generally in all the drawingsby reference letter A and the slidable carriage by reference letter B.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 1 and 2, there is shown a form ofthe invention, wherein the line spacing is accomplished by means whichare electrically controlled. In that embodiment of the invention illustrated, use is made of the usual line spacing operating lever Z and anelectrically controlled pneumatic device which serves to return thecarriage but which is also connected to the lever Z so as to operate itprior to moving the carriage. Thus, the pneumatic device consists of astationary cylinder 1,

which is suitably fixed in a bracket 2 con-.

nected to the frame A of the typewriter, and a piston 3, the piston rod42 of which is connected by a flexible connection 5 to lever Z. Inletand exhaust pipes 6 and 7 respectively, are provided which arecontrolled by suitable valve mechanism operatedby a solenoid 8. Thearrangement is such that, when the solenoid 8 is energized, the cylinder1 is cut ofi' from communication with exhaust pipe 7 and fluid underpressure is admitted to cylinder 1, the latter at all other times beingconnected to the exhaust pipe 7 The outer end of piston rod 4 isslidably mounted in a lug 9 on carriage B, or otherwise suitably guided,and may engage any of a series of spaced stops 10, 11, 12 and 13, thelatter being fixed to carriage B. The stops 10, 11, and 12 are similarin construction and each is normally projected into the path of rod 4 bya spring 14. Each stop has a flange 15 which abuts with the lug 16 oncarriage B, in whichlug the stop is slidably mounted, to limit theoutward movement of the stop and a flange 17 on each stop limits itsmovement in the opposite direction by abutment with the opposite face oflug 16. The stops 1G, 11 and 12 are adapted to be withdrawn from thepath of rod 1 by sole- I10l(lS 18, 19 and 20, respectively, and, when sowithdrawn, rod 4 moves freely until it engages the fixed stop 13 beforemoving carriage B by abutment with such stop. The initial movement ofrod 4 will operate lever Z and to varying degrees according to how manyof the movable stops are withdrawn from its path. If none are withdrawn,there will be no movement of lever Z for rod 4 normally abuts stop 10.If the latter is withdrawn, rod & will move until it abuts stop 11 and amovement of lever Z sufiicient for single spacing will result. If stops10 and 11 are withdrawn, double spacing will result and if stops 10, 11and 12 are withdrawn triple spacing will result.

Means are provided, as will appear, for energizing any one of thesolenoids 18, 19 or 20 and means are also provided whereby the stops 11or 12 move the preceding stop or stops, as the case may be. Thus, stop12.

carries a finger 21 which will engage and move stop 11 and the lattercarries a finger 22 which will engage and move stop 10. Therefore, ifsolenoid 20 is energized, stops 10, 11 and 12 will be withdrawn while,if a solenoid 19 is energizechstops 10 and 11 will be withdrawn.Solenoid 18, when energized serves to withdraw stop 10 only. The usualspring associated with lever Z causes the piston rod 4 to be retractedrelatively to the carriage, whenever the cylinder 1 is connected toexhaust pipe 7, whereby it is always returned to the normal positiondescribed in readiness to effect subsequent line spacing movements.

Secured to the rear portion of frame A (see Fig. 1) are two brackets 23(shown in detail in Fig. 5) which diverge outwardly and then extendupwardly, and finally extend forwardly in parallelism over and above thecarriage B, the arrangement being such as not to interfere in any waywith free movement of the carriage within its usual limits. Thesebrackets 23 serve as a means for supporting a series of three conductors24, 25, and 26, all of which are suitably insulated from the bracketsandeach of which is in the nature of a comparatively rigid trolley wire.Cooperating with the wires 21, 25 and 26 are rolls, or trolley wheels,27, 28 and 29, respectively, carried by conducting rods 30, 31 and'32,respectively, all of which are suitably secured to and insulated fromthe carriage B, as indicated.

For operating the line spacing mechanism just described, a plurality ofindependently operable controlling means are provided, each of which isoperable independently of the other and any one of which can be set, asand when desired, to effect various degrees of line spacing movement.These controlling means consist of switch keys which have an advantagein that they may be readily located at any convenient point.

A. desirable arrangement of such controlling means is Shown in Fig. 2,wherein are shown a plurality of double contact depressible key switches33 which are adapted to engage contacts 34 and 35. Each contact 35is'connected to a wire 36 which leads to one terminal of a battery 37.Each contact 34 is connected to a'wire 38 which leads to and isconnected with one terminal of solenoid 8 and the other terminal of thelatter is connected by awire' 39 to'the other terminal of battery 37.Thus, on depression of any key 33 the contacts 34 and 35 areelectricallyconnected and a circuit is closed through battery 37 tosolenoid 8, whereby the latter may be energized to effect the admissionof fluid under pressure to cylinder 1 and cause a return movement ofcarriage B as well as an operation of the line spacing lever Z. 3

Each key 33 is also connected by a wire 40 to the blade 41, of a threepoint switch having contacts 42, 43 and 44. The contacts 42, 43 and 44are connected to Wires 45, 46 and 47, which in turn are connected to thetrolley wires 24, 25 and 26, respec tively. The latter, as alreadydescribed, are electrically connected to the rods 30, 31 and 32,respectivel The rods 30, 31 and 32 are connected y wires 48, 49 and 50,to the solenoids 18, 19and 20, respectively. The other terminal of eachsolenoid is connected to the metallic frame of carria e B, as by a wire51. The wire 39, alrea y described, is also connected to the metallicstationa frame A of the machine, as indicated, an since frame A andcarriage B are metallicl in contact, a connectionto the other terminalof'battery 37 is provided. Each blade '41 may be adjusted to engage anyone of the contacts 42, 43 and 44 and therefore any key33'can be made toenergize any of the solenoids 18, '19 and 20, and thus effect single,double or triple spacing, as-desired.

In connection with the apparatus just de. scribed, there isdesirably"provided' some electrical controlling means which will effectreturn of the carriage without efiecting a line spacing movement. Tothis end, a depressible key switch 52 is provided which is adapted toengage a contact 53. The switch 52 is connected to wire 38 which leadsto one terminal of solenoid 8 and the wire 39, connected to the otherterminal thereof, leads as;described to one terminal of battery 37.'The' other terminal of the latter is connected by a wire 54 tothecontact 53. V

It is also desirable to provide some electrical controlling means forreleasing the carriage B so that it may be automatically moved by theusuahmechanism in a direction opposite to that in which it is moved bypiston rod 4. To this end, there'has been illustrated conventionally, aratchet bar '55 which is fixed to carriage B and a, holding pawl 56cooperating with bar 55. Pawl 56 is pivotally ronnected to the plunger57 of a solenoid 58 and is normally held in engagement with bar 55 by aspring 59. The wire 36, which is connected with one terminal of battery37 is also connected with one terminal of solenoid 58' and the otherterminal of the latter is connected by a wire 60 to a depressible keyswitch 61. The contact 62, adapted to be engaged by switch 61, isconnected by a wire 63 to the other terminal of battery 37. Thus, ondepression of switch 61 an electrical circuit is closed which includessolenoid 58 and battery 37,

whereby pawl 56 is withdrawn from engagement with ratchet bar 55, thusreleasing the carriage.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 1 and 3 another form of theinvention is shown where a'plurality of motors is used in connectionwith the carriage return and line spacing. A solenoid 118 is shownattached to cylinder 1 having an extension of its core end in "hook 116operating in connection withpin 117 on line spacing lever l. Enerrgizing this solenoid will pull lever Z in line spacing movement, whilepressure in cylinder 1 will return the carriage. This operation will nowbe described. On depressing key 52 current will flow from battery 37 -4will return the carriage through connection 5. Through the use of thesolenoid 118 it is possible to line space when ke 52 is depressed,permitting all the other eys to cause a different line space movementtherefrom as in the case of typewriting specifications. i

In connection with the means already described for effecting linespacing movement-s, there may be, and desirably is, provided means forarresting the carriage B at various points in its range of travel forthe purpose of enabling the typistto convenlently secure various degreesof line in-e dentation in writing a letter. This object may be obtainedby any suitable means but, as an illustrative example of one such means,there is disclosed in Figs. 4, 6 and 7 carriage arresting mechanismwhich is adapted for electrical .control in a manner illustrated in Fig.3. Preferably, this carriage arresting mechanism is so arranged as to becapable of; arresting the carriage in its od 67 nd it bly h d; om axialmove.-

ment thereon as. indicated, are members 68 69 and 7 0,which havedepending arms con nected by pin and slot connections (see Fig.

.6) with the plungers of solenoids 71, 7 2. and

7 3, respectively. Mounted tor vertical sliding movement in member 68are; a pair of Spac d. stops 7.4 (Fig. which are'normally he din their.l a ed'p ion y a S i able spring, such as 75 A similar pair. of stops 76 are similarly mounted in member 69. but not in member 7 O as the upperportion thereof forms. a stop. When any of the solenoids 71, 72 or 7 3'are energized the stops 74, 76 or 70, will be moved into the "'7 path ofthe stop 66 secured to carriage B,

in a manner clearly apparent from Fig. 6 andthe stops are normally heldout of such path by springs,'such as that shown in Fig. 6 at77l Thelower face of stop 66 hason each Side abevelled corner, and each pair ofmovable stops 7 4 and 76 are bevelled in opposite directions so that,as,stop"66 ap- .proaches member 68 01369 from either direction, it willengage and force down one or the other of the'stops'f 74 or 76, as thecase 7 maybe. The, space between thepairs of stops 74 and 76 is justslightly greater than the-width of; stop 66, so that the latter, havingforced down one stop of a pair and passed thereby, is arrested by:abutment with the other stop ofthe pair and the depressed stopcan'again' spring back into normal p0.-

sition, thereby holding the carriage from movement in either direction.The-stop" 66, when engaged by the stops 74, 76 and 70 is adapted toposition carriage B for the start offa paragraph, the start of thecomplimentary closing line and the start of the signature line,respectively, or any other po- .sitions which be desired for otherpurposes. I u

In connection withthese stops,means are provided for controlling thecarriage B to cooperate therewith; Such means include a carriagereleasing device similar to that already described and-identifiedby thesame reference'numerals in. Fig. 3. .This device permits the carriage tomove in one direction under the usual impelling means provided in thetypewriter and, for returning the carriage, an electricallycontrolled'pn'euinatic device similar to that already described isprovided and identified in Fig. 3 by the same reference numerals. Thismega-1t.

rneum tiede s l ii ti ns to e c ine spacing movements, in the samemanneral; ready es r b d the n y di e nce n itsconstruction is in theprovision of an additional, inlet pipe 7 8 and a solenoid 79 to controlthe same. When eithersolenoid 8 91:79 is energized, the connection toexhaust pipe 7 will be shut off and fluid under pressure l e adm t d. toy i e 2 an w e neither. is energized the cylinder will be connected toexhaust pipe 7. There are thus twov depen en t gnstisa br ated means forcontrolling the cylinder 1, one of which means functions, as heretoforedescribed, and the other of whichpmeans is neces ary or a erter rr Inconnection with the electrical circuit for solenoid 79, there isprovided a trolley wire 80 .(Fig. which is mounted in, and insulatedfrom, the brackets 23. Below wire 80 are two other wires 81 and 82 whichare mounted at slightly different levels in, and insulated from, frameA, as; indicated. An arm 83 fixed to, and insulated from, rod 6 5 andthus movable with carriage B, carties at on n I'011 84 to. ide .1 Wire8.9 and at its other end two rolls .85 and 86 which are adapted to rideon wires 81 and .82, respectively. The latter wires are of diiterentlength and of less length than the length of travel of carriage B. Theint l tion is to have roll 85 contact with wire 81 ly. when Step 6.6 o cp e a os n u h a i igh i betw n, top 7 s r to the right thereof, asviewed in Fig. 4, and to have roll 86 contact with wire 82 only whenstop 66 is similarly positioned with respect to stops 76. The trolleywires, rolls and arm 83 are included as a part of the electrical circuitto solenoids 7 9 whichcontrols the return movement of. carriage B, Thisreturn movement is to the left as viewed in Fig. 4, Therefore, if it isdesired to lodge stop 66 between stops 76, with the parts occupyingaposition such as shown in Fig. 4

the pneumatic means for moving the cariage' o th left S o d n t n y lqstion but should not in any way oppose the movement of the carriage tothe right,under the usual mechanism effective 'on release of carriage B.Since roll 86 does not contact withwire 82 under the conditionsdescribed, a gap is created in the circuit to solenoid 79 to preventoperation of the carriage return mechanism. Conditions exist betweenroll 85 and wire 81 to effect similar results with relation to'stops 74.Similar provisions are not ordinarily required with respect to stop 7 0for, if the stopis positioned in relation to stops 76 at he start f thec p m n a y closing line, the length of this line is such as to causestop 66 to be carried to the right of stop 70 and itcan be subsequentlymoved into abutmen h r wi h by t rr a return mechanism. The carriagerelease mechanism therefore would not ordinarily have to function atsuch time, but if it did, arrangements similar to those abovedescribed-could readily be provided for stop 70.

Referring now to Fig. 3; this diagram includes many circuits shown inFig. 2 and the Connection for such circuits have been given similarreference numerals. Multiple contact depressible switch keys 87, 88 and89 are provided to control the solenoids 71,

72 and 73, respectively. One terminal of each of these solenoids isconnected to a wire 90 which leads to one terminal of battery 37. Theother terminals of solenoids 71, 72

' and 73 are connected by wires 92, 93 and 94 to contacts 95, 96, and 97respectively. Each of the switches 87, 88 and 89 has a contact 98 whichis connected to wire 36 leading to the other terminal of battery 37,whereby on depression of any key the proper solenoid will be energizedto swing its stop into the path of stop 66.

Each of the keys 87, 88 and 89 is also connected, as before, by a wire40 to a switch blade 41 for controlling the. line spacing mechanism inthe manner above described. The depression of keys 87, 88 and 89therefor also controls the line spacing mechanism 1 and line spacing iseffected to a degree dependent on the setting of that blade 41 connectedto the particular key depressed. As before, a key 33 is provided toeffectline s acing and full line return of the carriage, the stop forwhich is the usual one on the typewriter and the circuits controlled byit arethe same as already described in connection with Fig. 2. The key52 cooperates with contact 53, as before, to effect a return of carriageB without effecting line spacing movement. A carriage release key,similar to key 61, is provided which effects similar results but theconnections in the diagram of Fig. 3 are somewhat different from thosein Fig. 2 and will now be described. The carriage release key is shownat 99 and is connected by a wire 100 to oneterminal of battery 37. Thecooperating contact 101 is connected by a wire 102 to one terminal ofsole- .noid 58 and the other terminal thereof is connected by a wire 103to wire .39 which leads backto the other terminal of the battery.

The key 89 has a third contact 104 which is connected to wire 38 sothat, when depressed, it not only energizes solenoid 73 and the linespacing solenoids but also the solenoid 8 which controls the carriagereturn cylinder. The keys 87 and 88 also effect an operation of thecarriage return mechanism but through the agency of solenoid 79 I forthe special reasons above set forth. These keys each have a contact 105which is connected by a wire 106 to one terminal of solenoid 79 and theother terminal thereof is connected by a wire 107 to trolley wire 80.The roll 84 is always in contact with the latter and the rolls 85 and86, connected thereto, may contact with their respective trolley wires81 and 82, which are connected by wires 108 and 109 to buttons 110 and111, carried by but insulated from switch keys 87 and 88, respectively.The buttons 110 and 111 are adapted to engage contacts 112 which areconnected to a wire 113 leading to that terminal of battery 37 oppositefrom that to which contacts 98 are connected. On depression of key 87,the battery contact 98 and contact 105 are connected by the key andcurrent flows through wire 106 to solenoid 79 and thence through wires107 and to rolls 84, and 86 and, if roll 85 engages wire 81,the currentreturns through wire 108, button 110, contact 112 and wire 113 to thebattery. Current cannot also return by way of wire 82, even though thelatter is engaged by roll 86 for the button 111 is not then engaged withcontact 112 and thus an open circuit exists. If, however, roll 85 didnot contact with wire 81 the circuit to solenoid 7 9'w0uld be open,notwithstanding the depression of key 87, so that the carriage returnmechanism could not then operate to move the carriage and the latterwould be moved by the usual mechanism until stop 66 engaged betweenstops 74.

The keys 87 and 88 are also made to control the release of the carriageB and, while they also control the carriage return mechanism, thelatter, as just described, is never operable when the carriage needs tobe moved by the usual carriage moving mechanism. While such mechanism isalso released when the carriage needs to be moved by the carriage returnmechanism, its release is idle and does not in any way inter fere withthe desired operation. The release of the carriage by keys 87 and 88 iseffected by providing a contact114 for each, which contacts areconnected to a wire 115 which in turn is connected to the wire 102,already described. On depression of either key 87 or 88, the batterycontact 98 is connected by the key to contact 114 and current flowsthrough wires 115 and 102 to solenoid 58, returning by wires 103 and 39to the bat tery.

The solenoids 18, 19 and 20 have been described as arranged to withdrawthe stops 10, 11 and 12 from the path of rod 4. It is obvious that thisaction may be reversed so the line spacing located outside the casing.lYiresilQ i are shown entering the casing for the electric control ofthe parts and a double pipe 125, one for pressure and one for exhaust,isshown entering the casing. It will be readily understood that, when atypewriter is so located, direct manual operation is no lon'gerdesirable. It becomes a necessityto have the parts of the typewriteroperated'mechanically by a force other than manual and then control theoperation by meansoperated manually outside the casing, Not only willthe noise of the typewriter be entirely eliminated by a properlyconstructed casing but the operator will be relieved of .the physicallabor involved, which is considerable. In this invention the control ofthe operating parts is shown by electric means and, since electric makeand break can be eflected with less than half an ounce resistance,physical eflfort is practicallyv eliminated. In the foregoing descriptions, the operation of the parts is shown and also the control byelectric contact keys, although other means could 0bviously be used. Thetyping of an ordinary business letter will now be described. It isunderstood that the carriage is to be arrested in itsmovement at fourdifferent po sitions, the beginning of a full line, for which the usualstop on the typewriter is used, the beginning of the paragraph for whichstop 68 is used, the beginning of the I complementaryjclosingline, forwhich stop 69 isused, and the beginning of the signature line for whichstop 7 0 is used. These are controlled by keys 33, 87, 88 and 89 respectively.

After placing the sheet on the platen in position for dating, the casingis closed. After the date line is typed, key 33 is depressed and, if itsswitch 41 is set for single line spaeing, the carriage will be returnedto the beginning of a full lineand the platen spaced one line. It isunderstood thatkey 52 could beused and the line spacing effected throughsolenoid 118. Now the address is typed using the same key as'before forthe usual three lines of an address, each spaced from the other by asingle space. N ext the same key is depressed twice in order,,to doublespace for the usual Dear Sir or Gentlemen, but starting at the full lineposition. Next key 87 is depressed and, if

its switch is set for double spacing, the carriage willmove fromwherever it may be to the paragraph position and the platen will bedouble spaced. After the first line H of the paragraph is finished key33 is again depressed and the carriage will return to full'lineposition, the platen being single spaced. Key 33 is used for each lineof the paragraph, resulting in each line starting from full lineposition and each line single spaced from the others. Next key 87 isagain depressed and the carriage again moves from wherever it may be topara graph position with the platen double spaced. Each followingparagraph'is typed in a similar manner. After typing the last line ofthe last paragraph, key 88 is depressed'and, if its switch i1 is set fordouble line spacing, the carriage will move from wherever it may be tothe complementary closing line position with the platen double spaced.

After typing the complimentary closing line, key 89 is depressed and, ifits switch 41 is set for double line spacing, the carwith the typewriterand operating parts inside the casing thus eliminatingthe noise thereof,the automatic carriage movement from wherever it may be to each of thecarriage arresting positions hasbeen effected as well as the single anddouble line spacing of the platen, and all under the complete controlofthe operator through the various keys and, since'these keys may beadapted to have less than half'an ounce resistance to manual operationthe physical labor ofthe :2:

operation has been eliminated. 'Asa ,result of all this the operator andher apparatus can beplaced near a busy manis desk without disturbing himand the operator should be able to do considerably more work in a giventime.

The invention has been .disclosedherein for illustrative purposes butthe scopefof the invention is defined by the appended claims rather thanby the foregoing 'description.

' Claims: e

l. A- typewriter having in combination, a platen adapted to hold a sheetand having operable line spacing mechanism adaptedto be set for apredetermined line spacing movement, said operable line spacingmechanism including controlling means .on the movementof which theoperation of said mechanism will result in different line spacingmovement from the predetermined setting, and said controlling meansbeing adapt-' edforl an automatic return movement to its originalposition. a

2; A typewriter slidable carriage movable betweentwo extreme positions,spring-operated'means to advance the carriage and power operated meansto return the carriage and reenergize said springfoperated means, meansto arrest the carriage at a predetermined position having incombinatioma. 2 j

magma between said extremes and controlling means acting automaticallyto advance or return the carriage according to the motion necessary toreach said predetermined "position. 3. A typewriterhaving incombination, a slidable carriage movable between two extreme positions,a stop to arrest the carria e at a predetermined osition between saidextremes, a platen a apted to hold a sheet and provided with operableline spacing mechanism adapted to'be set for a predetermined linespacing movement including controlling means to permit a different linespacing movement from the original setting, and means to set said stopandoperate said controlling means.

. 4. A typewriter having in combination, a slidable carriage movablebetween two extreme positions, a stop to arrest the carriage at apredetermined position between said extremes, a platen adapted to hold asheet and provided with operable line spacing mechanism adapted to beset for a predetermined line spacing movement including controllingmeans to permit a different line spacing movement from the originalsetting, and means operable in one movement to set said stop and operatesaid controlling means.

5. A typewriter having in combination, a slidable carriage movablebetween two extreme positions and a stop to arrest the carriage at apredetermined position between said extremes, a platen adapted to hold asheet and provided with line spacing mechanism adapted to be set for apredetermined line spacing movement, controlling means to permit adifferent line spacing movement from the predetermined setting, andpower operated means to set said stop and operate said controllingmeans.

6. A typewriter having in combination, a

laten adapted to hold a sheet and operable ine spacing mechanism adaptedto be set for a predetermined line spacing, movement, said operable linespacing mechanism including controlling means on the movement of whichthe operation of said mechanism will result in different line spacingmovement from the predetermined setting.

7. A typewriter having in combination, a platen adapted to hold a sheetand having operable line spacing mechanism adapted to be set for apredetermined line spacing movement, said operable line spacingmechanism including controlling means on the movement of which theoperation. of said mechanism will result in difierent line spacingmovement from the predetermined setting, and means to operate saidcontrolling means.

8. A typewriter having in combination, a platen adapted to hold a sheetand having operable line spacing mechanism adapted to be set for apredetermined line spacing movement, said operable line spacingmechanism including power operated controlling means on the movement ofwhich the operation offsaid mechanism will result in dit fere'nt linespacing movement from the predetermined setting.

9. Atypewriter having incombination, a slidable carriage movable betweentwo extreme positions, a stop to arrest the carriage at a predeterminedposition between said extremes, a platen adapted to hold a sheet'andprovided with operable line spacing mechanism adapted to be set foraredetermined line spacing movement inc uding controlling means topermit a different line spacing movement from the original setting andmeans to set said stop, and hold said carriage from further movement ineither direction.

10. A typewriter having in'combination, a slidable carriage movablebetween two extreme positions, a stop to arrest the carriage at apredetermined position between said extremes, a platen adapted to hold asheet and provided With operable line spacing mechanism adapted to beset for a predetermined line spacing movement including controllingmeans to permit a different line spacing movement from the originalsetting and means to set said stop.

11. A typewriter having a movable carriage provided with a line spacingmechanism, means to advance and return the carriage, means to arrest thecarriage at a number of predetermined positions, a plurality ofcontrolling elements, one for each position, each one acting to make thecarriage automatically take the direction, whether in advance or returnmovement, necessary to reach its own predetermined pos1- tion, and tooperate the line spacing mechanism to cause the same degree of linespacing movement as that caused by another of said controlling elements.

12. A typewriter having a movable carriage provided with a line spacingmechanism, means to advance and return the carriage, means to arrest thecarriage at a number of predetermined positions, a plurality ofcontrolling elements, one for each position, each one acting to make thecarriage automatically take the direction, whether in advance or returnmovement, necessary to reach its oWn predetermined position, and tooperate the line spacing mechanism to cause a diflerent degree of linespacing movement from that caused by another of said controllingelements.

13. A typewriter having a movable carriage provided with a line spacingmechanism, means to advance and return the carriage, means to arrest thecarriage at a number of predetermined positions, a plurality ofcontrolling elements, one for each position, each one acting to make thecarria e automatically take the direction, whether in advance or returnmovement, necessary :to reach its own predetermined position, and tooperate the line spacing mechanism, and adaptable to cause the sameas ora difi'erient degree of line spacing movement from thatcausedby'a'nother of said controlling elements. 7 o V.

14. A typewriter adapted to type the usual form of business letter,having two carriage arresting positions for the body of the letter,th'ebeginiiing of -a full line and the beginning ofaparagraph;a'carriage arresting mechanism for the paragraph position-aclapted toarrest'the carriage ineither advance or return movement, anol me ans toactu ate-saiclarresting mechanism. 15. ;A typewriter adapted to type theusual. form of business letter having two carriage arrestingpositions-the beginning of a full line and the beginning of thecomplimentary'. closing line; .a carriage. arresting mechanism for thecomplimentary-closing lineadapted to arrest 'the carriage-in eitheradvance or return movement, and means to actuate said arrestingmechanism. 16; A typewriter aclaptecl-to'type the usual form of businessletter having two carriage arresting positions for the body of theletter, the beginning of a full line and-the beginning'of a paragraph; ac'arriagerarresting position for :the complimentary closing line and-acarriage arresting, position for the Sig: nature line; carriagearresting mechanism for each of the last three positions and means toselectively arrest the carriage at any one of the last three positions.7 7 v In testimony Wher'eofI have afiixed my signature. 1 Y

FRANK B. POWERS l

